Recover the stream. Qualify the product. Reach the customer.
A suitable CO₂-rich stream separated during biomethane upgrading can be assessed for recovery and sale. Making it useful requires purification, quality assurance, storage and delivery matched to a customer. Its biological origin alone does not make it food-grade or establish permanent carbon removal. [[ GreenPower, LCLF and Biogenic CO2 Certification announcement ](https://www.greenpower.gov.au/news-and-events/news/lclf-and-biogenic-co2-certification-announcement); C01] Buyer qualification and delivery distance determine whether a recoverable stream supports a viable local supply route.
BioCO₂: latest public references
No verified qualified food-grade bulk delivered quote is established. Cylinder prices below compare packaging, not bulk purchases or producer revenue.
Delivered industrial quote: project-specific, not established by these references. Figures exclude GST only where tax is evidenced. Unknown or study-specific tax remains source-native.
| Reference | Price | Period and boundary | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2.6 kg cylinder refill estimate | A$20.00 to A$35.00/2.6 kg refill; GST not established; A$7692.31 to A$13461.54/t equivalent, not a bulk offer | Supplier page checked 13 October 2026; estimate date not stated; Australia; source-specific; Cylinder refill / swap; freight, tax and local eligibility not specified in the estimate | KegLand; Product description: typical refill / swap costs, excluding the full-cylinder purchase price; checked 2026-10-13 |
| 6 kg cylinder refill estimate | A$40.00 to A$60.00/6 kg refill; GST not established; A$6666.67 to A$10000.00/t equivalent, not a bulk offer | Supplier page checked 13 October 2026; estimate date not stated; Australia; source-specific; Cylinder refill / swap; freight, tax and local eligibility not specified in the estimate | KegLand; Product description: typical refill / swap costs, excluding the full-cylinder purchase price; checked 2026-10-13 |
| Granarium 6 kg refill listing | A$54.50 to A$54.50/6 kg refill; Excluding GST; A$9083.33 to A$9083.33/t equivalent, not a bulk offer | Live listing checked 15 October 2026; out of stock; Para Hills West, South Australia; Local cylinder refill listing; out of stock when checked. Delivery, food-grade certification and biogenic origin not established. | Granarium; Catalogue: 6kg c02 refill; GST Inc; out of stock; checked 2026-10-15 |
| Sydney food-grade 2.6 kg refill | A$35.41 to A$35.41/2.6 kg refill; Excluding GST; A$13618.88 to A$13618.88/t equivalent, not a bulk offer | Live listing checked 15 October 2026; Sydney / North Parramatta, NSW; In-store food-grade cylinder refill, cylinder excluded. Not bulk liquid delivery; biogenic origin not established. | 41 Pints of Beer; Product price: GST Included; description: food-grade CO₂ from BOC, refill only; checked 2026-10-15 |
| Bulk CO₂ for concrete curing (unverified study estimate) | A$500.00 to A$600.00/t; GST not established | 2024 research estimate cited in the supplied pricing pack; not reconfirmed in October 2026; Australia; Unverified: the cited Roads Australia PDF returned 404 when checked, so the primary passage could not be confirmed | Roads Australia (as cited in supplied pack); Supplied pricing pack citation; primary PDF unavailable (404) on 15 October 2026; checked 2026-10-15 |
Display conversion uses an indicative 30-day average, not a real-time rate. Calculations, project prices and downloads remain AUD.
Start with a measured stream
Record flow, CO₂ content, contaminants, operating hours and variability. Confirm which measurements apply to raw biogas and which to upgrading offgas. A plant burning biogas needs a different capture assessment from one already separating CO₂; neither is a universal retrofit.
Connect equipment with a market
Food, beverage, horticulture and industrial customers have different requirements. Obtain specifications, qualification procedures, volume profiles and delivery expectations. Include purification, compression or liquefaction, testing and rejected-product handling before assuming a sale price.
Assess modular recovery and shared logistics
Verdemobil describes standardised BioCO₂ recovery equipment alongside investment, operation, transport and commercialisation services. This is an attributed provider example of addressing the full supply chain - not an independently established Australian cost or performance guarantee. [[ Verdemobil Biogaz, Production de BIOCO₂ sur sites de méthanisation ](https://www.verdemobil-biogaz.fr/nos-types-dinstallations/production-de-bioco2/)]
Use a netback rather than a headline price
Compare customer revenue with recovery, utilities, quality assurance, storage and delivery costs. Then assess capital and financing separately. Where a supplied price is already a netback, do not deduct those same costs again. Match sold tonnes to qualified output and actual demand.
Separate origin and product acceptance
GreenPower announced work on biogenic CO₂ certification in August 2025. That announcement is not proof of a currently operating scheme, automatic emissions-accounting recognition or food-grade product approval. Check the current rules and customer requirements for the intended sale. [[ GreenPower, LCLF and Biogenic CO2 Certification announcement ](https://www.greenpower.gov.au/news-and-events/news/lclf-and-biogenic-co2-certification-announcement)]
Support an Australian commercial loop
Shelby’s proposed approach connects existing producers, modular recovery, local customers and appropriate shared delivery. Its purpose is to help establish additional product revenue where evidence supports it, not to presume every available tonne can be sold profitably.
Qualify recovered BioCO₂ before pricing the stream
Upgrading may separate a CO₂-rich gas. That stream is not the same as purified, monitored and delivered product accepted by a customer.
| Step | Required evidence | Cost / revenue boundary |
|---|---|---|
| Stream characterisation | Flow, composition and representative contaminants | Separate theoretical CO₂ from recoverable quantity |
| Purification / quality | Supplier performance and customer impurity limits | Treatment, testing and rejected batches |
| Grade acceptance | Applicable customer requirements, including EIGA / ISBT references where relevant | Origin is not food-grade certification |
| Liquefaction / storage | Electricity, equipment, availability and safe storage | Full recurring and capital scope |
| Delivery / buyer | Haulage distance, unloading, demand and contracted acceptance | Net producer return, not delivered headline price |
| Environmental claim | Lifecycle boundary and credible utilisation / storage evidence | Sale is not automatically permanent removal |
Shelby's A$250/t and A$400/t examples are illustrative policy sensitivities, not current national market prices or offered contracts. Retain an unsupported-sales case beside any upside recovery case. Supplier-specific Verdemobil examples remain attributed to the supplier and do not establish Shelby ownership, performance or an Australian guarantee.
Request sampling protocols, quality-assurance monitoring, buyer grade, recoverable annual volume and the entire delivery cost before recognising revenue. Biological origin, product purity and credited removal require separate evidence.
CO₂ customer prices and producer netbacks
Food-grade bulk liquid CO₂ purchase prices must specify grade, purity, delivery region, storage, transport and contract quantities. A customer delivered price is not producer ex-works revenue. Deduct evidenced conditioning, quality assurance and logistics costs only within a documented netback boundary.
Qualified CO₂ sales and price evidence
Recovery volume is not qualified and sold volume. Confirm product acceptance, customer demand, regional logistics and contract quantities before recognising revenue. Historical prices and forecast scenarios remain unavailable until approved; the shared public release currently has no CO₂ observations.
What is the current all-in price?
Current customer price for bulk liquid food-grade CO₂, excluding GST (AUD/t)
No verified figure. No public source: bulk prices are set in confidential supply contracts. No comparable 2026 Australian food-grade bulk customer transaction price was established. The BioCO₂ page separates dated research estimates from supplier-cylinder refills. A bulk purchase price cannot be used as producer revenue without a documented netback. Not included: Trade-data import averages (landed value only) and paid market reports were not used because they are not customer prices or cannot be republished.
BioCO₂ pricing: what can be evidenced?
Screening context only. Not current offers, bulk BioCO₂ transaction prices or calculator defaults. Calculations and exports remain AUD; interactive display conversion uses an indicative ECB average.
Bulk BioCO₂ price: not publicly verified. Small-cylinder refill tonne equivalents are not bulk offers or producer netbacks. No comparable 2026 Australian bulk buyer transaction price was established.
| Reference | Range | Evidence and boundary | Sources & References |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2.6 kg cylinder refill estimate | A$7692.31 to A$13461.54/t | supplier-refill-estimate. AUD 20 to 35 per 2.6 kg refill; arithmetically converted to AUD/t. Cylinder refill / swap; freight, tax and local eligibility not specified in the estimate. Supplier page checked 13 October 2026; estimate date not stated. Arithmetic tonne equivalent, not a tonne-volume offer. Grade certification and biogenic origin are not established by this price passage. Not a producer netback or calculator default. | KegLand: 2.6 kg CO₂ Gas Cylinder (FULL). Product description: typical refill / swap costs, excluding the full-cylinder purchase price. Published Not stated; checked 2026-10-13. Attributed factual supplier estimate only; no product images or descriptive copy reproduced. No open dataset licence claimed. |
| 6 kg cylinder refill estimate | A$6666.67 to A$10000.00/t | supplier-refill-estimate. AUD 40 to 60 per 6 kg refill; arithmetically converted to AUD/t. Cylinder refill / swap; freight, tax and local eligibility not specified in the estimate. Supplier page checked 13 October 2026; estimate date not stated. Arithmetic tonne equivalent, not a tonne-volume offer. Grade certification and biogenic origin are not established by this price passage. Not a producer netback or calculator default. | KegLand: 2.6 kg CO₂ Gas Cylinder (FULL). Product description: typical refill / swap costs, excluding the full-cylinder purchase price. Published Not stated; checked 2026-10-13. Attributed factual supplier estimate only; no product images or descriptive copy reproduced. No open dataset licence claimed. |
| Granarium 6 kg refill listing | A$9991.67 to A$9991.67/t | published-retail-quote. AUD 59.95 per 6 kg refill including GST; quantity equivalent only. Local cylinder refill listing; out of stock when checked. Delivery, food-grade certification and biogenic origin not established.. Live listing checked 15 October 2026; out of stock. Arithmetic tonne equivalent, not a tonne-volume offer. Grade certification and biogenic origin are not established by this price passage. Not a producer netback or calculator default. | Granarium: CO₂ gas refills. Catalogue: 6kg c02 refill; GST Inc; out of stock. Published Not stated; checked 2026-10-15. Attributed factual supplier estimate only; no product images or descriptive copy reproduced. No open dataset licence claimed. |
| Sydney food-grade 2.6 kg refill | A$14980.77 to A$14980.77/t | published-retail-quote. AUD 38.95 per 2.6 kg refill including GST; quantity equivalent only. In-store food-grade cylinder refill, cylinder excluded. Not bulk liquid delivery; biogenic origin not established.. Live listing checked 15 October 2026. Arithmetic tonne equivalent, not a tonne-volume offer. Grade certification and biogenic origin are not established by this price passage. Not a producer netback or calculator default. | 41 Pints of Beer: Refill a CO₂ gas cylinder 2.6 kg, all brands (in store only). Product price: GST Included; description: food-grade CO₂ from BOC, refill only. Published Not stated; checked 2026-10-15. Attributed factual supplier estimate only; no product images or descriptive copy reproduced. No open dataset licence claimed. |
| Bulk CO₂ for concrete curing (unverified study estimate) | A$500.00 to A$600.00/t | secondary-indicative-estimate. AUD 500–600 per tonne as cited; GST, delivery and grade basis not stated. Unverified: the cited Roads Australia PDF returned 404 when checked, so the primary passage could not be confirmed. 2024 research estimate cited in the supplied pricing pack; not reconfirmed in October 2026. Published at owner request as an unverified indicative estimate. Not food-grade, not a producer netback and not a calculator default. Confirm with a CO₂ buyer quote. | Roads Australia (as cited in supplied pack): 2024 research projects. Supplied pricing pack citation; primary PDF unavailable (404) on 15 October 2026. Published 2024; checked 2026-10-15. Attributed numeric citation only; no document reproduced. |
Evidence still needed
No national annual bulk-buyer observations established for 2016–2025. Supplied 2027–2036 indexed curves are arbitrary sensitivities, not assessed market forecasts.
CO₂ supply pressure, not a national price index
Wine Australia's project completed in September 2023 reported that participating wineries faced CO₂ purchase prices typically double or triple earlier prices during shortages. This is historical site commentary, not a measured national series or a 2026 price multiplier. AWRI's January 2025 article identifies exposure to fossil-linked supply as the economy decarbonises. Recovery may reduce purchases, but food-grade acceptance, seasonal storage and transport still need site-specific evidence.
- Supply interruptions can raise replacement purchase costs
- Vintage seasonality increases storage requirements
- Purity, grade acceptance and freight determine delivered cost
Wine Australia: Generating value from fermentation CO₂. Summary: winery purchase prices and supply shortages; project completed 30 September 2023. Checked 13 October 2026.
AWRI: Reducing CO₂ use during tank sparkling wine production (January 2025), introductionFrequently asked questions
Does biogenic mean food-grade?
No. Origin and product purity are different requirements; verify the customer specification and testing regime.
Is beverage use permanent carbon removal?
No. Assess the actual lifecycle and storage duration before making a climate claim.
Can several producers share CO₂ logistics?
Potentially, with compatible quality, scheduling, storage, traceability and commercial arrangements.
Sources & References
- GreenPower, LCLF and Biogenic CO2 Certification announcement
Publication: Date not verified
Observation period: Australia; scheme development
Relevant page / section: Claim-level locator not yet verified
Last link / title verification: 2026-10-11
Publisher link checked; individual claims, costs and regulatory applicability still require review.
12 August 2025 announcement. Does not prove current scheme launch, food-grade certification or automatic NGER recognition.
- Verdemobil Biogaz, Production de BIOCO₂ sur sites de méthanisation
Publication: Date not verified
Observation period: France; provider operating model
Relevant page / section: Claim-level locator not yet verified
Last link / title verification: 2026-10-11
Publisher link checked; individual claims, costs and regulatory applicability still require review.
Page publication date not shown. Supports attributed equipment/service descriptions; independent performance and Australian economics need validation.
- Shelby Bioenergy, Shelby’s National Renewable Gas Policy consultation response
Publication: 2026-10
Observation period: October 2026
Relevant page / section: Supplied company position
Last link / title verification: Not verified
Company position / supplied material, not independent evidence.
Proposals and scenarios, not adopted policy or market offers.